Pore water freezing characteristic in saline soils based on pore size distribution

Pore water freezing point and unfrozen water content heavily depend on the properties of ion solutions, ice–liquid interface energy, and pore radius and are essential for analyzing the thermal and mechanical behavior of saline soils in cold regions. This paper focuses on the analyses of pore water freezing characteristics and estimation of the unfrozen water content in saline soils. Based on the thermodynamic principles, a general equation based...