Traffic noise and responses to a simulated approaching avian predator in mixed‐species flocks of chickadees, titmice, and nuthatches

Traffic noise likely reaches a wide range of species and populations throughout the world, but we still know relatively little about how it affects anti‐predator behavior of populations. We tested for possible effects of traffic noise on responses to predator acoustic cues in Carolina chickadees ( Poecile carolinensis ), tufted titmice ( Baeolophus bicolor ), and white‐breasted nuthatches ( Sitta carolinensis ) near 14 independent feeding...