Aggressive interactions among female, semi‐captive pampas deer ( Ozotoceros bezoarticus ) increase within the hierarchy and after short‐term removal of the male

Two trials were carried out to determine: (a) if there is a positive relation between the frequency of aggressive interactions among female pampas deer and their position within the hierarchy (HI), (b) if short‐term removal of the male triggers an increase in the frequency of aggression, and (c) if the magnitude of this increase is related to the individual rank position of the female. Each of 19 breeding groups comprised one adult male and from...