Evaluation of cantus‐call and pellet surveys for Spruce Grouse ( Falcipennis canadensis canace ) at the southern extent of their range

Reliable information about population status, trends, and the current distribution of Spruce Grouse (Falcipennis canadensis) is needed, but questions remain concerning the best method to use to conduct surveys. We evaluated two methods to survey the eastern subspecies of Spruce Grouse (F. c. canace) for application in a large-scale, long-term population-monitoring effort: response to playback of a cantus call and a survey based on fecal pellets...