Carboxylated Nanodiamond-Enhanced Photocatalytic Membranes with Improved Antifouling and Self-Cleaning Properties

This study reports a novel carboxylated nanodiamond (CND)-enhanced self-cleaning antifouling catalytic membrane. Four poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based membranes (PVDF, P-CND, P-TiO2, and P-CND/TiO2) were fabricated by non-solvent-induced phase separation. The membrane pore size, porosity, hydrophilicity, and permeability were in the same order of: PVDF < P-CND < P-TiO2 < P-CND/TiO2, suggesting that CND and TiO2 had a synergetic effect in...