Isoprene Exposure in the United States Based on Urinary IPM3: NHANES 2015–2016

Isoprene is the 2-methyl analog of 1,3-butadiene and is a possible human carcinogen (IARC Group 2B). We assessed isoprene exposure in the general US population by measuring its urinary metabolite, N-acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-l-cysteine (IPM3) in participants (≥3 year old) from the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Spot urine samples were analyzed for IPM3 using ultrahigh-performance liquid...