A review of membrane wettability for the treatment of saline water deploying membrane distillation

Membrane distillation (MD) is an alternative membrane technology that offers the capacity to treat highly saline water including industrial wastewater, seawater, brine water from other processes, and oil-gas field produced water. However, conventional hydrophobic membranes suffer fast wetting and severe fouling especially when low surface tension chemicals exist in saline water, which compromises the performance of MD. Recent advances in...