Estimation of surface heat fluxes via variational assimilation of land surface temperature, air temperature and specific humidity into a coupled land surface-atmospheric boundary layer model

Numerous studies have estimated surface heat fluxes by assimilating land surface temperature (LST) observations (as the state variable of land surface). A number of other studies have focused on the estimation of surface energy balance components by assimilating air temperature and specific humidity (as the state variables of atmosphere) into an atmospheric boundary layer model. This study advances these existing data assimilation approaches by...