Lumbar Spine Loading During Dressage Riding

Context : Lower back pain is prevalent in horse riders as a result of the absorption of repetitive and multiplanar propulsive forces from the horse. Global positioning system technology provides potential for in vivo measurement of planar loading during riding. Objective : To quantify the uniaxial loading at the lumbar and cervicothoracic spine during dressage elements. Design : Repeated measures, randomized order. Setting : Equestrian arena....