Careful what you say to yourself: Exploring self-talk and youth tennis performance via hierarchical linear modeling

Researchers have examined self-talk and performance in tennis matches, but the current understanding of speech-to-performance associations in tennis is hindered by conflicting evidence from self-report and observation, and by the use of relatively simple statistical analyses that fail to account for speech and performance events being nested within both points and individuals over time throughout a tennis match. In the current study, 28 youth...