Energy substitution effect on transport sector of Pakistan: A trans-log production function approach

Transport sector of Pakistan is one of the highest fossil fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission sector. As a key user of fossil fuel energy, Pakistan’s transport sector has created many problems i.e. noise, air pollution, CO2 emissions and environmental problem. In this study, trans-log production function model for Pakistan’s transport sector is established and input factors of labor, capital, and energy consumption are comprised....