Kinetics of redox reactions of CuO@TiO2–Al2O3 for chemical looping combustion and chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling

Cu-based materials present as promising oxygen carrier candidates in chemical looping processes, in which CuO can either react directly with fuel gas via heterogeneous gas–solid reaction, or release gaseous O2 under suitable temperature and O2 partial pressure, and then react with fuel gas (even solid fuel) via combustion reactions. For comprehensive understandings of the complex reactions of the oxygen carrier in chemical looping processes, as...