Ampullary adenocarcinoma: the current state of adjuvant therapies

Periampullary cancers, including adenocarcinoma from the duodenum, pancreas, bile duct and ampulla, represent a spectrum of malignancies with varying biological behavior and outcomes. In particular ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC) is a rare, poorly understood disease with an incidence of <1/100,000 cases, compromises only 0.2% of gastrointestinal cancers and is frequently grouped together with other periampullary cancers...