Isotope Characteristics (δ13C, δ18O) of Continental Carbonates from Permian‒Triassic Rocks in the Northeastern Russian Plate: Paleoclimatic and Biotic Reasons and Chemostratigraphy

Carbon and oxygen isotope compositions were determined in the pedogenic, sedimentary, and organogenic carbonates from Upper Permian (Vyatkian Stage) and Lower Triassic (Induan Stage) continental rocks in the northeastern Moscow Syneclise. Variations of δ18O (18.0 to 29.1‰ SMOW) and δ13C (‒8.8 to 0.7‰ PDB) in them could be provoked both by regional climatic fluctuations and by perturbation of the global carbon cycle at the Permian‒Triassic...