Advances in detecting and reducing off-target effects generated by CRISPR-mediated genome editing

CRISPR-mediated genome editing is a revolutionary technology for genome manipulation that uses the CRISPR-Cas systems and base editors. Currently, poor efficiency and off-target problems have impeded the application of CRISPR systems. The on-target efficiency has been improved in several advanced versions of CRISPR systems, whereas the off-target detection still remains a key challenge. Here, we outline the different versions of CRISPR systems...