The bioenergetics of a coastal forage fish: Importance of empirical values for ecosystem models

Forage fish are a vital trophic group in marine ecosystems and numerical models, linking plankton with higher trophic levels. The bioenergetics of a key forage fish in eastern Australia, yellowtail scad Trachurus novaezelandiae, was measured using static respirometry and bomb calorimetry to assess their trophic contribution as both predator and prey. The temperature-dependent standard metabolic rate (SMR) of yellowtail scad was 0.62 mgO2 g−0.79...