Reference Standards for Ventilatory Threshold Measured With Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing

Background Established reference standards for the ventilatory threshold (Vt) are lacking. The aim of this study was to develop reference standards for the Vt derived from cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) using treadmill and cycle ergometry. Methods Seven laboratories experienced in CPX administration with established quality control procedures contributed to the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise: A National Database (FRIEND)...