Halogen Bonding in Biomimetic Deiodination of Thyroid Hormones and their Metabolites and Dehalogenation of Halogenated Nucleosides

Thyroid hormones (THs) are key players in the endocrine system and play pivotal roles in carbohydrate and fat metabolism, protein synthesis, overall growth, and brain development. The thyroid gland predominantly produces thyroxine or 3,5,3′,5′‐tetraiodothyronine (T4) as a prohormone; three isoforms of a mammalian selenoenzyme—iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1, DIO2 and DIO3)—catalyze the regioselective deiodination of T4 to produce biologically...