Two-dimensional Machiavellianism: Conceptualization, theory, and measurement of the views and tactics dimensions.

For over 45 years, research investigating Machiavellianism has largely used the same unidimensional approach, even though empirical research demonstrates that Machiavellianism is comprised of 2 robust dimensions: views and tactics. This article elaborates on the theory and conceptualization behind the 2 dimensions. It also documents the construction and validation of the 12-item Two-Dimensional Machiavellianism Scale (TDMS), which measures the...