Modes of Thermogravitational Convection and Thermoelectrokinetic Instability Under Joule Heating in Electrolyte Between Electric Membranes

Joule heating near ion-selective cation-exchange membranes in an external electric field can cause two modes of instability, namely, the thermogravitational convection, which reminds a well-known Rayleigh–Benard convection, and a novel type of instability, the thermoelectrokinetic instability. Stability of a quiescent one-dimensional steady-state solution to infinite small sinusoidal perturbations has been investigated in a wide range of the...