Role of Nitric Oxide in Insulin Secretion and Glucose Metabolism

NO is involved in carbohydrate metabolism and disrupted NO pathways (i.e., decreased cNOS-derived NO bioavailability or iNOS-induced overproduction of NO) leads to the development of T2DM. cNOS-derived NO improves insulin secretion and signaling, increases glucose uptake, and regulates hepatic glucose output. These physiological effects of NO are mainly mediated by the sGC–cGMP pathway. Cytokine-induced overactivity of iNOS leading to...