[Regulation of γ-globin gene expression and its clinical applications].

Human hemoglobin, a tetramer containing two α globins and two β globins, is responsible for oxygen transportation in the body. Globin genes are clustered in the genome and their expressions are regulated by a variety of cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors, exhibiting a developmental- and tissue-specific manner. β-thalassemia and sickle cell diseases are two of the most common autosomal recessive disorders caused by mutations in the...