Impact of ENSO, Global Warming, and Land Surface Elevation on Extreme Precipitation in India

The linkages of precipitation extremes with large-scale global climatic phenomenon such as global warming, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the land surface elevation were explored across India. Temporally, the annual average precipitation on rainy days (PRCPTOT) was found to exhibit decreasing trends for a larger part of India; however, most of the extreme precipitation indexes (EPIs) had increasing trends (except cumulative wet...