Changing Trends in the Risk Factors of Secondary Primary Malignancies after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma before and after the Introduction of Proteasome Inhibitors/Immunomodulatory Agents

Background: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) combined with novel therapeutic drugs, including proteasome inhibitors (PIs)/immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs), can substantially improve the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Because MM patients survive longer, the incidence of secondary primary malignancies (SPMs) in long-term survivors is increasing. To date, only few studies have evaluated SPMs in real-world patients,...