Clinical and Immunologic Activity of Ipilimumab Following Decitabine Priming in Post-Allogeneic Transplant and Transplant-Naïve Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Multi-Center Phase 1, Two-Arm, Dose-Escalation Study

Background: Patients (pts) with MDS or AML who relapse after allogeneic transplantation (allo-HCT) have a very poor prognosis. Hypomethylating agents (HMA) and checkpoint blockade with the anti-CTLA4 blocking antibody ipilimumab (IPI) have each induced responses with acceptable toxicity in AML pts who relapse after allo-HCT. We hypothesized that adding decitabine (DAC) would improve response compared with IPI alone by activating and promoting T...