Negotiating halal: The role of non-religious concerns in shaping halal standards in Indonesia

Rapid growth in the global halal markets in recent years has invited scholars to pay close attention to the development of halal standards. However, the actual processes behind the formulation of the criteria specified in halal standards remain underexplored. This paper examines competing arguments and narratives behind the formulation of halal ruling on pre-slaughter stunning and mechanical slaughter in the new state-led halal standards in...