Correlated ignition delay expression of two-stage ignition fuels for Livengood-Wu model-based knock prediction

In this study, an alternative scheme improving the Livengood-Wu model-based knock predictability for downsized and boosted spark-ignition (SI) engines with two-stage ignition fuels is proposed by introducing a newly corrected ignition delay correlation applicable to two-stage ignition fuels. While there is little chance of cool-flame heat release realized within the in-cylinder mixture under certain knock-prone operations, the effect of...