Modal propagation of ocean acoustic waves generated by earthquakes

The generation of low-frequency (≤40 Hz) acoustic waves (T-waves) by undersea earthquakes below a flat abyssal plain is not yet fully understood. To model the generation and propagation of PN-waves (horizontally in the crust and vertically in the ocean) and of T-waves over a rough sea bottom, we use a 2D spectral finite-element code (SPECFEM2D). The model includes a solid layer (Earth crust) overlain by a fluid ocean, and separated by a...