Use of Time-Dependent Propensity Scores to Adjust Hazard Ratio Estimates in Cohort Studies with Differential Depletion of Susceptibles

Estimating hazard ratios (HR) presents challenges for propensity score (PS)-based analyses of cohorts with differential depletion of susceptibles. When the treatment effect is not null, cohorts that were balanced at baseline tend to become unbalanced on baseline characteristics over time as “susceptible” individuals drop out of the population at risk differentially across treatment groups due to having outcome events. This imbalance in baseline...