αvβ3-integrin regulates PD-L1 expression and is involved in cancer immune evasion

Significance The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a master player in the tumor immune evasion strategy. Checkpoint inhibitors, including anti–PD-1/PD-L1, are revolutionizing cancer immunotherapy. There is intense interest in dissecting their regulation and improving their application, mainly by combination therapies. The significance of the current findings is 2-fold. Our results suggest αvβ3-integrin as a critical regulator of PD-L1 expression and a key...