Assessment of LiDAR ground filtering algorithms for determining ground surface of non-natural terrain overgrown with forest and steppe vegetation

Ground filtering is an inevitable step of processing the Light detection and ranging-acquired point clouds. Our objective was to evaluate the performance of six filtering algorithms. The point clouds filtering and vertical accuracy were evaluated qualitatively, quantitatively and by comparison with a GNSS survey. All tested algorithms achieved good results but their performance was affected by the terrain slope and vegetation cover. Algorithms...