Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes levels in gut microbiota and effects of hosts TLR2/TLR4 gene expression levels in adult type 1 diabetes patients in Istanbul, Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the levels of both Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the gut microbiota and TLR2/TLR4 gene expression in the blood of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and healthy individuals. These results may serve as a preliminary assessment to guide future research. Between January and October 2014, stool and blood samples were collected from 53 adult T1DM patients and 53 age- and gender-matched...