Mechanistic insight into binding interaction between chemosensory protein 4 and volatile larval pheromones in honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Honeybees communicate with members of their intra-species via pheromones. The volatile pheromones, β-ocimene and allo-ocimene, are the primary signals of larvae to beg for the care from the nurses. Of the odorant binding proteins (OBPs)/chemosensory proteins (CSPs), CSP4 has the best affinity with β-ocimene and allo-ocimene. To reveal the binding mechanism of CPS4 with them, fluorescent quenching, UV absorption spectra, circular dichroism (CD)...