Global versus local processes during the Pliensbachian–Toarcian transition at the Peniche GSSP, Portugal: A multi-proxy record

The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE, ~ 183 Ma) was an episode of extreme warmth, environmental changes and carbon cycle perturbation. We present a high-resolution study of the Peniche section (Lusitanian Basin, Portugal), recently defined as the Toarcian Global Stratotype Section and Point, to provide a review of the Pliensbachian–Toarcian (Pl–To) environmental and climatic changes. A large ~7‰-negative carbon-isotope excursion (CIE) is...