Pollination biology reveals challenges to restoring populations of Brighamia insignis (Campanulaceae), a critically endangered plant species from Hawai‘i

Understanding the reproductive biology of rare plant species is fundamental to managing their restoration. Brighamia insignis is a critically endangered Hawaiian lobeliad endemic to the islands of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau. The flowers appear to be adapted for moth pollination although its putative pollinator is believed to be extinct or very rare. To confirm the pollination syndrome, document the breeding system, and identify potential pollinators of...