The involvement of lipid raft pathway in suppression of TGFβ-mediated metastasis by tolfenamic acid in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

TGFβ signaling plays an important role in orchestrating a favorable microenvironment for tumor cell growth and promoting epithelial–mesenchymal transition. As a conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs, tolfenamic acid (TA) has been previously reported to exhibit anti-cancer activity. Herein, we investigated the effect of TA on TGFβ-mediated pro-metastatic activity and the underlying mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As a...