Barriers to the Professional Advancement of Women in Nephrology

In 1849, a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine, after the award of a medical degree to Miss Blackwell, stated “it is much to be regretted that she has been induced to depart from the appropriate sphere of her own sex, and led to aspire to honours and duties, which by the order of nature and the common consent of the world devolve alone upon men” (1). The editorial replied “No law prevents woman from occupying and cultivating any of the...