Long‐term Outcome and Adverse Events of Intrathecal Opioid Therapy for Nonmalignant Pain Syndrome

Objective Intrathecal ( IT ) opioid pumps are one therapeutic cornerstone of refractory nonmalignant pain syndromes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of and surgical and pharmacological complications of IT pumps beyond a time span of 10 years. Methods In this retrospective single‐center cohort study, 27 patients (14 female, 13 male, age 64.0 ± 8.9 [median, 1 SD ] years) were identified. Pain intensity using the numeric rating...