Validation of reference genes in human epicardial adipose tissue and left ventricular myocardium in heart failure

The characterization of tissue-specific gene expression in failing hearts requires the identification of appropriately validated reference genes. This study sought to validate which commonly used reference genes were the most suitable for qRT-PCR data normalization in epicardial adipose tissue and left ventricular myocardium in patients with end-stage heart failure. The mRNA expression of 10 candidate reference genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The...