Seasonality affects avian species distribution but not diversity and nestedness patterns in the urban parks of Vitoria–Gasteiz (Spain)

Environmental seasonality leads to variation in the composition and structure of bird communities over the year that might alter biodiversity and nestedness patterns in urban parks and other frag-mented habitats. These changes could have important implications in the management and conservation of urban green areas and their populations, but they are largely unexplored. In this study, the composition, diversity and nestedness of the breeding and...