Performance-based control of variability and tolerance in off-site manufacture and assembly: optimization of penalty on poor production quality

Defects and quality problems in off-site manufacturing of building parts are caused by different variables. Subsequently, rework is required during on-site subassembly aggregation. Rework and tampering with prefabricated parts has implications including suboptimal structural/non-structural performance, delays and increased costs. Currently there is a gap in the off-site construction literature in developing effective interventions to reflect on...