Tert-butylhydroquinone enhanced angiogenesis and astrocyte activation by activating nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 after focal cerebral ischemia in mice

Angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia plays a pivotal role in neurological recovery and represents a therapeutic target. The angiogenic effect of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was identified in recent years. However, the effects of tert-butylhydroquinone, an Nrf2 inducer, on angiogenesis and astrocyte activation after stroke remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether tert-butylhydroquinone enhanced angiogenesis and...