The Variability of Outcomes Used in Efficacy and Effectiveness Trials of Alcohol Brief Interventions: A Systematic Review

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize recent alcohol brief intervention (ABI) efficacy and effectiveness trials, summarize outcomes, and show how variability in outcomes and reporting compromises the evidence base. Method: A systematic review and narrative synthesis of articles from 10 databases were undertaken (January 2000–November 2017); study selection represented recent, readily available publications. The National...