Pole-Zero Identification: Unveiling the Critical Dynamics of Microwave Circuits Beyond Stability Analysis

The term <;i>pole-zero identification<;/i> refers to obtaining the poles and zeros of a linear (or linearized) system described by its frequency response. This is usually done using optimization techniques (such as least squares, maximum likelihood estimation, or vector fitting) that fit a given frequency response of the linear system to a transfer function defined as the ratio of two polynomials [1], [2]. This kind of linear system...