Tracing the origin of ore-forming fluids in the Piaotang tungsten deposit, South China: Constraints from in-situ analyses of wolframite and individual fluid inclusion

The Piaotang vein-type tungsten deposit, hosted by Cambrian metasedimentary rocks, is one of the largest vein-type hydrothermal deposits in South China. Wolframite is the dominant ore mineral and intergrown with quartz and cassiterite in the main mineralization stage. Wolframite, cassiterite and quartz crystals have δ18O values ranging from 2.5 to 6.8‰, 6.1 to 7.2‰, 10.3 to 13.7‰, respectively. δD values of fluid inclusions in these minerals are...