Model of crop growth, water flow, and solute transport in layered soil

Agro-eco-hydrological models are essential for managing scarce water resources and ensuring crop productivity. Here, a one-dimensional agro-eco-hydrological model, LAWSTAC, capable of simulating water and solute transport in layered soil coupled with crop growth, is presented and validated. LAWSTAC considers eight hydraulic conductivity discretization methods to address the nonlinearity of Richards equation for soil water flow. LAWSTAC includes...