Sanitary behavior in queenright and queenless ant colonies

Waste disposal is important for maintaining the health of animal societies. Adults and off ;spring produce large amounts of waste and feces that could contain pathogens or toxins and may need to be stored away from the young or adult individuals. In social insects, the worker caste is responsible for nest maintenance, including sanitary behavior, and waste disposal strategies vary between species. However, individual task allocation is generally...