Exploring the cross-phenotype network region of disease modules reveals concordant and discordant pathways between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are two pathologically distinct chronic lung diseases that are associated with cigarette smoking. Genetic studies have identified shared loci for COPD and IPF, including several loci with opposite directions of effect. The existence of additional shared genetic loci, as well as potential shared pathobiological mechanisms between the two diseases at the molecular...