Comparative study of the key enzymes and biochemical substances involved in the energy metabolism of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, with different ammonia-N tolerances

Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (9.38 ± 0.17 cm, 10.08 ± 0.35 g), with different ammonia-N tolerances were exposed to NH3 (1.61 mg/L) for 192 h, and the levels of key enzymes and biochemical substances involved in energy metabolism were compared to assess the role of the regulation of energy metabolism on the shrimp's adaptation to ammonia-N stress. Higher ammonia-N tolerance in the shrimp (Tolerance group) was achieved through...