Cardiovascular effects of electronic cigarettes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The electronic cigarette is marketed as a safe alternative to tobacco smoking, but electronic cigarette cardiovascular effects remain largely unknown. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed published literature to investigate the cardiovascular effects and associated risk from electronic cigarette use. We searched PubMed from January 2000 to November 2017 for published studies assessing the cardiovascular effects of the electronic...